SDE vs EBITDA Calculator
Compare SDE and EBITDA valuations for your business size and profitability.
SDE (Seller Discretionary Earnings) and EBITDA are the two main earning metrics used to value privately held businesses. For small businesses ($1-5M revenue), buyers often use SDE multiples. For larger, more structured businesses, EBITDA multiples apply. Using the wrong metric can dramatically undervalue or overvalue your business, affecting your entire exit strategy.
Understanding which metric applies to your business and how to convert between them is essential for accurate valuation. A business showing $300K SDE at 3x multiples is worth $900K. The same business at 5x EBITDA multiple (if it qualifies) might be worth $1.5M. Getting the metric right can be worth hundreds of thousands.
Income Statement
Owner Compensation & Add-backs
| Metric | Value |
|---|
| Valuation Method | Multiple Range | Valuation |
|---|
Understanding SDE vs EBITDA
SDE is net profit plus owner salary plus owner benefits plus one-time/non-recurring expenses. It shows cash earnings available to an owner-operator. EBITDA is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. It shows normalized operating earnings independent of capital structure or ownership.
When to Use SDE
SDE multiples apply to small, owner-operated businesses where the buyer will be hands-on. Typical SDE businesses have $1-5M revenue, strong owner involvement, and limited need for outside management. Buyers of SDE businesses typically pay 2-4x SDE multiples. SDE is easier to calculate and adjust than EBITDA.
When to Use EBITDA
EBITDA multiples apply to larger, more structured businesses where professional management and systems are in place. Typical EBITDA businesses have $5M+ revenue, professional management, documented processes, and multiple revenue streams. Buyers pay 5-12x EBITDA multiples. EBITDA is more relevant for institutional buyers and growth-focused buyers.
Common Mistakes
Mixing SDE and EBITDA metrics
Don't claim SDE adjustments when building an EBITDA bridge. If you're using EBITDA multiples, stick to EBITDA add-backs. If you're using SDE, stick to SDE calculation. Mixing metrics confuses buyers.
Assuming one metric applies to your business
Size and structure determine which metric applies. Consult a broker or advisor to determine if your business should be valued on SDE or EBITDA. The difference can be 50%+ of your valuation.
Forgetting that buyers expect different structures
SDE buyers expect involved ownership. EBITDA buyers expect them to step back. If you want to stay involved, position on SDE. If you want to exit cleanly, position on EBITDA and show it doesn't depend on you.